National Art Museum of Catalonia

The history of the MNAC is as fascinating as the art it houses. The museum is situated in the Palau Nacional, a grand building constructed for the 1929 International Exposition held on Montjuïc hill. This location, with its panoramic views of the city, was chosen to create a cultural hub that would elevate Barcelona’s status on the international stage.

The MNAC was officially established in 1990, combining the collections of the former Museu d’Art de Catalunya and the Museu d’Art Modern. The museum’s mission is to showcase Catalan art from the Romanesque period to the mid-20th century, along with notable works from other parts of Spain and Europe. Over the years, the MNAC has expanded its collection and facilities, continually enhancing its role as a leading cultural institution.

The MNAC’s exhibitions are meticulously curated to provide a comprehensive overview of the region’s artistic evolution. The museum’s permanent collection is divided into several sections, each dedicated to a specific period or style, allowing visitors to journey through centuries of art history.

Romanesque Art
The MNAC boasts one of the most impressive collections of Romanesque art in the world. The exhibition includes stunning frescoes, wooden sculptures, and metalwork from the 11th to the 13th centuries. These pieces, originally from rural churches in the Pyrenees, are presented in a way that recreates their original context, offering a unique insight into medieval Catalan spirituality and artistry.

Gothic Art
The Gothic art collection features works from the 13th to the 15th centuries, including altarpieces, sculptures, and paintings. Highlights include masterpieces by artists such as Bernat Martorell and Jaume Huguet, showcasing the development of religious art during this period.

Renaissance and Baroque Art
The MNAC’s Renaissance and Baroque section houses an array of paintings and sculptures from the 16th to the 18th centuries. This collection includes works by renowned artists such as El Greco, Velázquez, and Rubens, reflecting the broader European influences on Catalan art.

Modern Art
The museum’s modern art collection spans the late 19th and early 20th centuries, featuring works by celebrated Catalan artists like Ramon Casas, Santiago Rusiñol, and Antoni Gaudí. This section highlights the cultural renaissance that took place in Catalonia during this period, with an emphasis on the Art Nouveau movement.

Photography and Numismatics
In addition to its extensive art collections, the MNAC also houses significant collections of photography and numismatics. These exhibitions provide a broader cultural context, showcasing historical photographs and coinage that reflect the social and economic history of Catalonia.

While every corner of the MNAC is worth exploring, there are a few highlights that you simply cannot miss:

The Romanesque Frescoes
The Romanesque frescoes are among the museum’s most prized possessions. These vibrant murals, carefully removed from their original church settings, are displayed in reconstructed apses that mimic their initial locations. The vivid colors and intricate designs provide a glimpse into the medieval world.

The Throne Room
The Throne Room in the Palau Nacional is a masterpiece of architecture and design. This grand space, originally intended for official receptions, now serves as a magnificent backdrop for the museum’s collections. Its ornate ceiling and majestic columns are a sight to behold.

The Oval Hall
The Oval Hall is one of the most impressive spaces within the MNAC. This vast, domed room often hosts large-scale exhibitions and events. The hall itself is an architectural marvel, with its sweeping arches and expansive dome creating a sense of grandeur.

Gaudí’s Works
No visit to a Barcelona museum would be complete without encountering the genius of Antoni Gaudí. The MNAC’s collection includes several pieces by this iconic architect, offering insights into his unique approach to design and architecture.